Latin for casuarius or cassowary, branches resemblance to birds feathers. Its ability to fix free nitrogen allows it to thrive on coastal sands where few other plants can survive. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. The record derives from wcsp which reports it as an accepted name record 382558 with original publication details. Nodal region of stem showing alternation of leaves in successive nodes. Chemical compositions of casuarina equisetifolia l. Overview appearance casuarina equisetifolia is a deciduous tree that occurs in open, coastal habitats including sand beaches, rocky coasts and sand dunes. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network.
The use of casuarina equisetifolia for protection forests in china. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Horsetail casuarina, horsetail sheoak, beach casuarina and coastal sheoak. Evergreen tree to 46 m 150 ft tall, usually with single trunk and open, irregular crown. The australian pine, casuarina equisetifolia, is a deciduous tree with a wispy pinelike appearance that can grow up to 100 feet in height. Epidermal hairs eh erupt from intemodal grooves ig. Casuarina species casuarina equisetifolia name synonyms casuarina equisetifolia j. The tree can attain heights of up to 50 meters, with a diameter of up to 18 centimetres.
Casuarina equisetifolia is a member of the casuarinaceae beefwood family. Names of casuarina equisetifolia in various languages of. Casuarina equisetifolia is widely introduced and naturalized, and is almost ubiquitous on beaches throughout the tropics. This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 12. Young seedlings are the targets of pests such as hares and rabbits, and foliage.
Gymnostoma, 20 species of trees and shrubs, many of which have a distinctly pinelike aspect when seen from afar. Australianpine, beefwood, ironwood, sheoak, horsetail tree synonymy. They are naturally distributed in tropical eastern africa, the mascarene islands, southeast asia, malaysia, australia, and polynesia. The name is derived from the latin equinus pertaining to horses, and folium a leaf, in reference to the fine drooping twigs which are reminiscent of coarse horse hair. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian pine species in florida 4 2. Casuarina litorea, iron wood, coast sheoak, whistling pine, australian pine, horsetail beefwood, australian oak, swamp oak, toa samoa.
The pollen of casuarina is abundant, wind borne, and capable of producing hay fever or asthma in allergic persons 2in regards to c. An assessment of dna polymorphisms and genetic relationships of casuarina equisetifolia using rapd markers. Casuarina equisetifolia tree seeds horsetail beefwood. Plants profile for casuarina equisetifolia beach sheoak. Giesen, wim and stephan wulffraat, max zieren and liesbeth scholten. Genetic variation of casuarina equisetifolia subsp equisetifolia and c. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen tree growing to 30 m 98ft by 20 m 65ft at a fast rate. Casuarina equisetifolia casuarinaceae hear species info. It is native to australia and southeast asia and was introduced into florida in the late 1800s.
Belonging to the casuarinaceae family, casuarina equisetifolia is a plant with a straight trunk that can reach a height of 5065 feet. This is an excerpt from weeds of hawaiis pastures and natural areas. Casuarina equisetifolia, eugenia effusa, hibiscus tiliacus, horsfieldia spicta, pterocarpus indicus, quassia indica and terminalia brassii. Casuarina, pino australiano casuarina equisetifolia. Casuarina equisetifolia herb uses, benefits, cures, side. Casuarina is a hardwood tree that is grown in areas bordering water in the tropics. Nutraceutical constituents of casuarina equisetifolia. Saline swamps commonly merge inland into freshwater swamp forests. List of various diseases cured by casuarina equisetifolia. Casuarina equisetifolia casuarinaceae naturalized in. Prohibited from use in florida according to the federal noxious weed list, the florida department of agriculture and consumer services fdacs 5b64.
General information about casuarina equisetifolia csueq india, bangladesh, indochina, malesia, australia. This naturalized forestry tree is native to australia. The solomon islands consists of a double chain of about 990 islands, mainly. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. How casuarina equisetifolia is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. North american trees being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in north america, north of mexico and the west indies 1908 20763864776. Australia, south pacific islands, southeast asia botanical description. Casuarina equisetifolia is a 60115 tall monoecious evergreen tree with a spireshaped crown and graygreen drooping branches to 12 long and small cones to 1. Usersmed iadownloadscasuarina %20 equisetifolia%20l. The wood, burning with immense heat, even when green, has been called the best firewood in the world.
Casuarina is a genus of 17 species in the family casuarinaceae, native to australasia, southeastern asia, and islands of the western pacific ocean. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian. Genetic variation of casuarina equisetifolia subsp. The native range extends throughout southeast asia, northern australia and the pacific islands. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen tree with a finely branched, feathery crown, usually growing growing from 6 35 metres tall though occasional plants up to 60 metres tall have been recorded. It is documented as reproducing and expanding from parent stands in. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen tree with a soft wispy pinelike appearance and an open irregular crown. Casuarina equisetifolia is a species of sheoak of the genus casuarina, native to australasia, southeast asia such as in philippines locally know to them as agoho, and islands of the western pacific ocean, from burma and vietnam east to french polynesia, new caledonia, and vanuatu, and south to australia north of northern territory, north and east queensland, and. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in casuarina equisetifolia.
Casuarina equisetifolia leaf canopy appears cylindrical or conical, bark blackish brown and branchlets drooping, branchlets greenish, jointed, ring of tiny scaly leaves on the joints. Estimating productivity of casuarina equisetifolia grown on tinmine lands. Casuarina equisetifolia common ironwood, beach sheoak. The proximate composition of both the leaves and fruits of. Casuarinaceae, the beefwood family of dicotyledonous flowering plants, with two genera casuarina, 30 species. Equisetum is latin for horse hair describing the weeping effect of the foliage.
Rhu tree casuarina equisetifolia on the shores of singapore. For more information and pictures about casuarina equisetifolia, view the langelandburks book. Two subspecies, equisetifolia and incana, are recognized wilson and johnson, 1989. Hawaiian plants a nd tropical flowers, casuarina equisetifolia common iron wood. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes.
Rap publication 200607 food and agriculture organization of the united nations regional office for asia and the pacific. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 382558 with original publication details. Casuarina equisetifolia ufifas assessment university. Frequently colonizes disturbed sites, such as filled wetlands, road shoulders, cleared land, and undeveloped lots maxwell 1984. Abstract casuarina equisetifolia is one of the most extensively introduced tree species outside its natural range and is a true multipurpose species, providing a range of services and products for industrial and local end users. Casuarina equisetifolia stem and leaves of deciduous branchlet. Common ironwood, beach sheoak, horsetail casuarina, australian pine, australian beefwood plant characteristics. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Proceedings of the 2nd international casuarina workshop. It bears a resemblance to coniferous plants due to the production of conelike fruits and pineneedlelike leaves. Casuarina equisetifolia fixes ca 60230 kg nhayr aspiras, 1981. Casuarina equisetifolia, the australian pine tree or whistling pine tree, is a sheoak species of the genus casuarina.
This species is not a pine at all, but superficially. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. In australia, the fruits of all species of casuarina are a major food source for several species of parrots schodde et al. Widely grown in malaysia, the pacific islands, australia and west indies, casuarina is used in shipbuilding for the quality of. Casuarina is a genus of 17 tree species in the family casuarinaceae, native to australia, the indian subcontinent, southeast asia, islands of the western pacific ocean, and eastern africa. Casuarina equisetifolia in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. The straight, cylindrical bole can be free of branches for 10 metres or more and 20 100cm in diameter. Casuarina equisetifolia, australian pine, is reported here as naturalized in aransas, cameron, calhoun, kleberg, and nueces counties of the gulf coast prairies and marshes in the coastal bend midcoast of texas. Occurs throughout south florida, from orlando south, on sandy shores and in pinelands.